Common Data Elements (CDEs) Repository

The NIH HEAL Initiative’s Common Data Elements (CDEs) program aims to harmonize the data collected by the initiative’s studies, enhancing the comparability of various data sets generated by HEAL research.  

HEAL researchers and potential applicants conducting research with human participants should also prioritize using the HEAL CDEs. Researchers outside the HEAL Initiative conducting pain research may also be interested in using validated and structured questionnaires.

The “core” questionnaires in ten domains, demographic information, and opioid usage are required for the clinical pain HEAL grants and are organized depending on the type of pain and population being studied.

Most HEAL pain studies would fall into one of several categories that would determine their core questionnaires: adult acute pain, adult chronic pain, or pediatric pain (both acute and chronic pain). These categories are listed in the “core or supplemental” column.

The “Advanced Search” function can filter the questionnaires by the specific type of pain research being conducted (acute vs. chronic), the patient population (adult vs. pediatric), and the domain (research topic) of the questionnaires.

For core questionnaires with multiple versions listed (e.g., GAD-2, GAD-7), studies can use any one of these versions, but at a minimum must use the shortest version listed.

The text box allows users to search for a specific questionnaire or research topic area.

Files can be downloaded directly from the links in the second column. Filenames that include the suffix “CRF” are questionnaires (case-report forms) and filenames with the suffix “CDE” are the CDE files with variable names and coding information.

To download more than one file at a time, use the checkboxes on the left hand side to select the files you would like to download. After you click the "Download Selected Files" button, you will get a message at the top of the page saying, "Export file created, Click here to download." This will download a zipped folder with your selections.

“Download list” allows users to download the list of questionnaires that are displayed as search results.

For questionnaires that are copyrighted and require a license for use, the files linked below contain instructions on how to properly obtain a license for use.

If you have any questions, please contact [email protected].

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Description File Name File Language Core or Supplemental Research Topic
The Children's Behavior Questionnaire Very Short Form (CBQ-VSF) uses caregiver reports to measure a young children's temperament, in three broad domains. English
  • Supplemental
 Behavioral health
The Connor Davidson Resilience Scale 2 item (CD RISC 2) comprises of 2 items, each rated on a 5-point scale (0-4), with higher scores reflecting greater resilience. English
  • Supplemental
 Resilience
The Connor-Davidson Resilience scale (CD RISC 25) comprises of 25 items, each rated on a 5-point scale (0-4), with higher scores reflecting greater resilience. English
  • Supplemental
 Resilience
The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) is a 20-item measure that asks caregivers to rate how often, over the past week, they experienced symptoms associated with depression, such as restless sleep, poor appetite, and feeling lonely. English
  • Supplemental
 Depression
The Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC) is a one-item measure that assesses the degree of change of a patient's condition. English
  • Supplemental
 General Health Measures
The Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS) assesses physical impairment. English
  • Supplemental
 General Health Measures
The Current Opioid Misuse Measure (COMM) is a self-assessment to monitor chronic pain patients on opioid therapy. English, Spanish
  • Supplemental
 Opioids
The Composite Autonomic Symptom Score 31 (COMPASS 31) is a 31-item self-assessment questionnaire assessing autonomic symptoms in six domains, orthostatic intolerance, vasomotor, secretomotor, gastrointestinal, bladder, and pupillomotor function. English
  • Supplemental
 Sensory
The Chronic Overlapping Pain Conditions Screener (COPCS) assesses for the presence of one or more of the chronic overlapping pain conditions. English
  • Supplemental
 Chronic Overlapping Pain Condition
The Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) is a clinician-administered instrument that rates 11 common opiate withdrawal signs or symptoms. English
  • Supplemental
 Opioids
The Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire Revised (CPAQ) is a 20-item instrument to measure acceptance of pain. English
  • Supplemental
 Pain Acceptance
The Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire Revised 8 item (CPAQ) is an 8-item instrument to measure acceptance of pain. English
  • Supplemental
 Pain Acceptance
The Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire Revised 8 item (CPAQ) is an 8-item instrument to measure acceptance of pain. Spanish
  • Supplemental
 Pain Acceptance
The Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire for Adolescents 8 item (CPAQ A8) measures acceptance of pain in adolescents. English
  • Supplemental
 Pain Acceptance
The Chronic Pain Self Efficacy Scale (CPSS) measures efficacy expectations for coping with the consequences of chronic pain. English
  • Supplemental
 Self-Efficacy